Livestock Metabolome Database: Showing metabocard for D-Galactose (LMDB00061)

Identification Taxonomy Ontology Physical properties Spectra Biological properties Concentrations Links References XML

Record Information

Version

1.0

Creation Date

2016-07-13 19:41:31 UTC

Update Date

2016-07-20 20:49:23 UTC

Lmdb

LMDB00061

Secondary Accession Numbers

None

Metabolite Identification

Common Name

D-Galactose

Description

D-Galactose is an aldohexose that occurs naturally in the D-form in lactose, cerebrosides, gangliosides, and mucoproteins. D-Galactose is an energy-providing nutrient and also a necessary basic substrate for the biosynthesis of many macromolecules in the body. Metabolic pathways for D-Galactose are important not only for the provision of these pathways but also for the prevention of D-Galactose and D-Galactose metabolite accumulation. The main source of D-Galactose is lactose in the milk of mammals, but it can also be found in some fruits and vegetables. Utilization of D-Galactose in all living cells is initiated by the phosphorylation of the hexose by the enzyme galactokinase (E.C. 2.7.1.6) (GALK) to form D-Galactose-1-phosphate. In the presence of D-Galactose-1-phosphate uridyltransferase (E.C. 2.7.7.12) (GALT) D-Galactose-1-phosphate is exchanged with glucose-1-phosphate in UDP-glucose to form UDP-galactose. Glucose-1-phosphate will then enter the glycolytic pathway for energy production. Deficiency of the enzyme GALT in galactosemic patients leads to the accumulation of D-Galactose-1-phosphate. Classic galactosemia-a term that denotes the presence of D-Galactose in the blood is the rare inborn error of D-Galactose metabolism, diagnosed by the deficiency of the second enzyme of the D-Galactose assimilation pathway, GALT, which, in turn, is caused by mutations at the GALT gene. (PMID: 15256214 , 11020650 , 10408771 ).

Structure

MOL SDF PDB SMILES InChI

Synonyms

Value	Source
ALPHA D-GALACTOSE	ChEBI
alpha-D-Gal	ChEBI
Gal-alpha	ChEBI
alpha-D-Galactose	Kegg
a D-GALACTOSE	Generator
Α D-galactose	Generator
a-D-Gal	Generator
Α-D-gal	Generator
Gal-a	Generator
Gal-α	Generator
a-D-Galactose	Generator
Α-D-galactose	Generator
(+)-Galactose	HMDB
5Abp	HMDB
8Abp	HMDB
alpha-D-Galactopyranose	HMDB
D-(+)-Galactose	HMDB
D-Hexose	HMDB
GAL	HMDB
Galactose	HMDB
Galactose (NF)	HMDB
GLA	HMDB
GLC	HMDB
Hexose	HMDB
SHU 508 a	MeSH, HMDB
SH-TA-508	MeSH, HMDB
SHU 508	MeSH, HMDB
Levovist	MeSH, HMDB
SHU-508	MeSH, HMDB

Chemical Formula

C₆H₁₂O₆

Average Molecular Weight

180.1559

Monoisotopic Molecular Weight

180.063388116

IUPAC Name

(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-2,3,4,5-tetrol

Traditional Name

galactose

CAS Registry Number

59-23-4

SMILES

OC[C@H]1O[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O

InChI Identifier

InChI=1S/C6H12O6/c7-1-2-3(8)4(9)5(10)6(11)12-2/h2-11H,1H2/t2-,3+,4+,5-,6+/m1/s1

InChI Key

WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-PHYPRBDBSA-N

Chemical Taxonomy

Description

belongs to the class of organic compounds known as hexoses. These are monosaccharides in which the sugar unit is a is a six-carbon containing moeity.

Kingdom

Organic compounds

Super Class

Organic oxygen compounds

Class

Organooxygen compounds

Sub Class

Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates

Direct Parent

Hexoses

Alternative Parents

Substituents

Hexose monosaccharide
Oxane
Secondary alcohol
Hemiacetal
Oxacycle
Organoheterocyclic compound
Polyol
Hydrocarbon derivative
Primary alcohol
Alcohol
Aliphatic heteromonocyclic compound

Molecular Framework

Aliphatic heteromonocyclic compounds

External Descriptors

D-galactopyranose (CHEBI:28061 )

Ontology

Status

Detected and Quantified

Origin

Not Available

Biofunction

Not Available

Application

Not Available

Cellular locations

Not Available

Physical Properties

State

Not Available

Experimental Properties

Property	Value	Reference
Melting Point	Not Available	Not Available
Boiling Point	Not Available	Not Available
Water Solubility	Not Available	Not Available
LogP	Not Available	Not Available

Predicted Properties

Property	Value	Source
logP	-2.6	ALOGPS
logP	-2.9	ChemAxon
logS	0.64	ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)	11.3	ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)	-3	ChemAxon
Physiological Charge	0	ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count	6	ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count	5	ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area	110.38 Å²	ChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count	1	ChemAxon
Refractivity	35.92 m³·mol⁻¹	ChemAxon
Polarizability	16.13 Å³	ChemAxon
Number of Rings	1	ChemAxon
Bioavailability	Yes	ChemAxon
Rule of Five	Yes	ChemAxon
Ghose Filter	Yes	ChemAxon
Veber's Rule	Yes	ChemAxon
MDDR-like Rule	Yes	ChemAxon

Spectra

Spectrum Type	Description	Splash Key	View
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized)	splash10-066s-0941000000-8f1b68655e0a5ed179e3	Spectrum
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized)	splash10-0ldj-0941000000-84c771fab416aa0a40d8	Spectrum
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized)	splash10-0ktb-0931000000-6f37a774d1ab64585c8d	Spectrum
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized)	splash10-066s-0931000000-9945093085ef7b0de618	Spectrum
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized)	splash10-0ldj-0931000000-1ed532d5d2897be775df	Spectrum
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized)	splash10-00di-9731000000-af5bd67ad0bbb2997839	Spectrum
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized)	splash10-00di-9621000000-9dad5bd1760a891ace2a	Spectrum
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized)	splash10-0fr2-0920000000-d0bbaf502997c43971ba	Spectrum
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized)	splash10-0fr2-1920000000-f47f0b66263744db15ba	Spectrum
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized)	splash10-066s-0941000000-8f1b68655e0a5ed179e3	Spectrum
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized)	splash10-0ldj-0941000000-84c771fab416aa0a40d8	Spectrum
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized)	splash10-0ktb-0931000000-6f37a774d1ab64585c8d	Spectrum
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized)	splash10-066s-0931000000-9945093085ef7b0de618	Spectrum
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized)	splash10-0ldj-0931000000-1ed532d5d2897be775df	Spectrum
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized)	splash10-00di-9731000000-af5bd67ad0bbb2997839	Spectrum
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized)	splash10-00di-9621000000-9dad5bd1760a891ace2a	Spectrum
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized)	splash10-0fr2-0920000000-d0bbaf502997c43971ba	Spectrum
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized)	splash10-0fr2-1920000000-f47f0b66263744db15ba	Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive	splash10-0np0-9700000000-e8d638dc817e46b97d7b	Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (5 TMS) - 70eV, Positive	splash10-004i-6122690000-eaf6f7adf34ccd0c667b	Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_1_1) - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_1_2) - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_1_3) - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 10V, Positive (Annotated)	splash10-0f6t-0900000000-70d3989fddd34b894c77	Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 25V, Positive (Annotated)	splash10-00ri-9700000000-d454170b4e3ed18ed2d9	Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 40V, Positive (Annotated)	splash10-007a-9300000000-81f5f12f84924a34e2c0	Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QTOF 10V, negative	splash10-059i-9100000000-33aacf4c62b17cfa394e	Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QTOF 20V, negative	splash10-0a4i-9000000000-79ea696263aaad168701	Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QTOF 40V, negative	splash10-0a4i-9000000000-480461c1cdd9d138dce2	Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative	splash10-059i-9100000000-33aacf4c62b17cfa394e	Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative	splash10-0a4i-9000000000-79ea696263aaad168701	Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative	splash10-0a4i-9000000000-480461c1cdd9d138dce2	Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive	splash10-01q9-0900000000-b0bc47623e7b2ca31c02	Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive	splash10-03ea-3900000000-648e1637af29cf2a3518	Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive	splash10-0007-9200000000-9e6f46a1cbf52d6e347a	Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative	splash10-004i-2900000000-a4ec4f0b1e29e360a952	Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative	splash10-01t9-6900000000-7b3ea9c64ecc8d4ac867	Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative	splash10-052f-9100000000-ec2bf4918640a0a36398	Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative	splash10-004i-2900000000-2448926b508622464fe7	Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative	splash10-056r-8900000000-4c073cb93b78120113e6	Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative	splash10-0a4l-9000000000-ece70093ab5d3c331ac4	Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive	splash10-01qa-0900000000-04ceb34d441ff6a75763	Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive	splash10-03dl-9400000000-a8f1ceab155611f949c1	Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive	splash10-01ow-9000000000-358f68fc2b7a72c27546	Spectrum
1D NMR	1H NMR Spectrum	Not Available	Spectrum
1D NMR	13C NMR Spectrum	Not Available	Spectrum
1D NMR	1H NMR Spectrum	Not Available	Spectrum
1D NMR	13C NMR Spectrum	Not Available	Spectrum
1D NMR	1H NMR Spectrum	Not Available	Spectrum
1D NMR	13C NMR Spectrum	Not Available	Spectrum
1D NMR	1H NMR Spectrum	Not Available	Spectrum
1D NMR	13C NMR Spectrum	Not Available	Spectrum
1D NMR	1H NMR Spectrum	Not Available	Spectrum
1D NMR	13C NMR Spectrum	Not Available	Spectrum
1D NMR	1H NMR Spectrum	Not Available	Spectrum
1D NMR	13C NMR Spectrum	Not Available	Spectrum
1D NMR	1H NMR Spectrum	Not Available	Spectrum
1D NMR	13C NMR Spectrum	Not Available	Spectrum
1D NMR	1H NMR Spectrum	Not Available	Spectrum
1D NMR	13C NMR Spectrum	Not Available	Spectrum
1D NMR	1H NMR Spectrum	Not Available	Spectrum
1D NMR	13C NMR Spectrum	Not Available	Spectrum
1D NMR	1H NMR Spectrum	Not Available	Spectrum
1D NMR	13C NMR Spectrum	Not Available	Spectrum
1D NMR	1H NMR Spectrum	Not Available	Spectrum
1D NMR	13C NMR Spectrum	Not Available	Spectrum
1D NMR	1H NMR Spectrum	Not Available	Spectrum
1D NMR	13C NMR Spectrum	Not Available	Spectrum
2D NMR	[1H,1H] 2D NMR Spectrum	Not Available	Spectrum
2D NMR	[1H,13C] 2D NMR Spectrum	Not Available	Spectrum

Biological Properties

Cellular Locations

Not Available

Biofluid Locations and Tissue Locations

Jejunum
Meat
Milk
Plasma
Serum

Concentrations

Biofluid	Status	Value	Condition	Species	Reference	Details
Jejunum	Detected but not Quantified	Not Applicable	Not Available	Porcine	21584308	details
Meat	Detected but not Quantified	Not Applicable	Not Available	Porcine	24200563	details
Milk	Detected but not Quantified	Not Applicable	Not Available	Bovine	23497994	details
Milk	Detected but not Quantified	Not Applicable	Not Available	Bovine	25108860	details
Milk	Detected and Quantified	1200-1760 uM	Not Available	Bovine	20338431	details
Milk	Detected but not Quantified	Not Applicable	Not Available	Bovine	Kurt J. Boudonck,...	details
Plasma	Detected but not Quantified	Not Applicable	Not Available	Bovine	24630653	details
Plasma	Detected but not Quantified	Not Applicable	Not Available	Bovine	24070026	details
Serum	Detected but not Quantified	Not Applicable	Not Available	Porcine	23255817	details
Serum	Detected but not Quantified	Not Applicable	Not Available	Porcine	22761248	details

External Links

DrugBank ID

Not Available

HMDB ID

HMDB0000143

FooDB ID

FDB021787

Phenol Explorer ID

Not Available

KNApSAcK ID

C00001119

BiGG ID

Not Available

BioCyc ID

ALPHA-D-GALACTOSE

METLIN ID

Not Available

PDB ID

Not Available

Wikipedia Link

Galactose

Chemspider ID

Not Available

ChEBI ID

PubChem Compound ID

Kegg Compound ID

YMDB ID

ECMDB ID

References

Synthesis Reference

Not Available

Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)

Not Available

General References

Lai K, Klapa MI: Alternative pathways of galactose assimilation: could inverse metabolic engineering provide an alternative to galactosemic patients? Metab Eng. 2004 Jul;6(3):239-44. [15256214 ]
Liu G, Hale GE, Hughes CL: Galactose metabolism and ovarian toxicity. Reprod Toxicol. 2000 Sep-Oct;14(5):377-84. [11020650 ]
Tyfield L, Reichardt J, Fridovich-Keil J, Croke DT, Elsas LJ 2nd, Strobl W, Kozak L, Coskun T, Novelli G, Okano Y, Zekanowski C, Shin Y, Boleda MD: Classical galactosemia and mutations at the galactose-1-phosphate uridyl transferase (GALT) gene. Hum Mutat. 1999;13(6):417-30. [10408771 ]

Showing metabocard for D-Galactose (LMDB00061)

Structure for LMDB00061 (D-Galactose)