Livestock Metabolome Database: Showing metabocard for L-Tryptophan (LMDB00279)

Identification Taxonomy Ontology Physical properties Spectra Biological properties Concentrations Links References XML

Record Information

Version

1.0

Creation Date

2016-07-13 19:46:18 UTC

Update Date

2021-04-30 20:57:45 UTC

Lmdb

LMDB00279

Secondary Accession Numbers

None

Metabolite Identification

Common Name

L-Tryptophan

Description

Tryptophan is an essential amino acid which is the precursor of serotonin. Serotonin is a brain neurotransmitter, platelet clotting factor and neurohormone found in organs throughout the body. Metabolism of tryptophan to serotonin requires nutrients such as vitamin B6, niacin and glutathione. Niacin is an important metabolite of tryptophan. High corn or other tryptophan-deficient diets can cause pellagra, which is a niacin-tryptophan deficiency disease with symptoms of dermatitis, diarrhea and dementia. Inborn errors of tryptophan metabolism exist where a tumor (carcinoid) makes excess serotonin. Hartnup's disease is a disease where tryptophan and other amino acids are not absorbed properly. Tryptophan supplements may be useful in each condition, in carcinoid replacing the over-metabolized nutrient and in Hartnup's supplementing a malabsorbed nutrient. Some disorders of excess tryptophan in the blood may contribute to mental retardation. Assessment of tryptophan deficiency is done through studying excretion of tryptophan metabolites in the urine or blood. Blood may be the most sensitive test because the amino acid tryptophan is transported in a unique way. Increased urination of tryptophan fragments correlates with increased tryptophan degradation, which occurs with oral contraception, depression, mental retardation, hypertension and anxiety states. The requirement for tryptophan and protein decreases with age. Adults' minimum daily requirement is 3 mg/kg/day or about 200 mg a day. This may be an underestimation, for there are 400 mg of tryptophan in just a cup of wheat germ. A cup of low fat cottage cheese contains 300 mg of tryptophan and chicken and turkey contain up to 600 mg per pound. (http://www.dcnutrition.com).

Structure

MOL SDF PDB SMILES InChI

Synonyms

Value	Source
(2S)-2-Amino-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanoic acid	ChEBI
(S)-alpha-Amino-1H-indole-3-propanoic acid	ChEBI
(S)-alpha-Amino-beta-(3-indolyl)-propionic acid	ChEBI
(S)-Tryptophan	ChEBI
L-(-)-Tryptophan	ChEBI
L-beta-3-Indolylalanine	ChEBI
Trp	ChEBI
Tryptophan	ChEBI
W	ChEBI
(2S)-2-Amino-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanoate	Generator
(S)-a-Amino-1H-indole-3-propanoate	Generator
(S)-a-Amino-1H-indole-3-propanoic acid	Generator
(S)-alpha-Amino-1H-indole-3-propanoate	Generator
(S)-Α-amino-1H-indole-3-propanoate	Generator
(S)-Α-amino-1H-indole-3-propanoic acid	Generator
(S)-a-Amino-b-(3-indolyl)-propionate	Generator
(S)-a-Amino-b-(3-indolyl)-propionic acid	Generator
(S)-alpha-Amino-beta-(3-indolyl)-propionate	Generator
(S)-Α-amino-β-(3-indolyl)-propionate	Generator
(S)-Α-amino-β-(3-indolyl)-propionic acid	Generator
L-b-3-Indolylalanine	Generator
L-Β-3-indolylalanine	Generator
(-)-Tryptophan	HMDB
(L)-Tryptophan	HMDB
(S)-1H-Indole-3-alanine	HMDB
(S)-2-Amino-3-(3-indolyl)propionic acid	HMDB
(S)-a-Amino-b-indolepropionate	HMDB
(S)-a-Amino-b-indolepropionic acid	HMDB
(S)-a-Aminoindole-3-propionate	HMDB
(S)-a-Aminoindole-3-propionic acid	HMDB
(S)-alpha-Amino-beta-indolepropionate	HMDB
(S)-alpha-Amino-beta-indolepropionic acid	HMDB
(S)-alpha-Aminoindole-3-propionate	HMDB
(S)-alpha-Aminoindole-3-propionic acid	HMDB
1-beta-3-Indolylalanine	HMDB
1beta-3-Indolylalanine	HMDB
1H-Indole-3-alanine	HMDB
2-Amino-3-indolylpropanoate	HMDB
2-Amino-3-indolylpropanoic acid	HMDB
3-(1H-indol-3-yl)-L-Alanine	HMDB
3-indol-3-Ylalanine	HMDB
Alpha'-amino-3-indolepropionic acid	HMDB
alpha-Aminoindole-3-propionic acid	HMDB
Ardeytropin	HMDB
H-TRP-OH	HMDB
Indole-3-alanine	HMDB
Kalma	HMDB
L-alpha-Amino-3-indolepropionic acid	HMDB
L-alpha-Aminoindole-3-propionic acid	HMDB
L-Tryptofan	HMDB
L-Tryptophane	HMDB
Lopac-T-0254	HMDB
Lyphan	HMDB
Optimax	HMDB
Pacitron	HMDB
Sedanoct	HMDB
Triptofano	HMDB
Trofan	HMDB
Tryptacin	HMDB
Tryptan	HMDB
Tryptophane	HMDB
Tryptophanum	HMDB
Ardeydorm	HMDB
L Tryptophan	HMDB
L-Tryptophan-ratiopharm	HMDB
Merck brand OF tryptophan	HMDB
Niddapharm brand OF tryptophan	HMDB
ICN brand OF tryptophan	HMDB
Levotryptophan	HMDB
PMS Tryptophan	HMDB
PMS-Tryptophan	HMDB
Ratiopharm brand OF tryptophan	HMDB
Esparma brand OF tryptophan	HMDB
Ratio-tryptophan	HMDB
L Tryptophan ratiopharm	HMDB
Naturruhe	HMDB
Tryptophan metabolism alterations	HMDB
Ardeypharm brand OF tryptophan	HMDB
Kalma brand OF tryptophan	HMDB
Pharmascience brand OF tryptophan	HMDB
Upsher-smith brand OF tryptophan	HMDB
Ratio tryptophan	HMDB

Chemical Formula

C₁₁H₁₂N₂O₂

Average Molecular Weight

204.2252

Monoisotopic Molecular Weight

204.089877638

IUPAC Name

(2S)-2-amino-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanoic acid

Traditional Name

L-tryptophan

CAS Registry Number

73-22-3

SMILES

N[C@@H](CC1=CNC2=C1C=CC=C2)C(O)=O

InChI Identifier

InChI=1S/C11H12N2O2/c12-9(11(14)15)5-7-6-13-10-4-2-1-3-8(7)10/h1-4,6,9,13H,5,12H2,(H,14,15)/t9-/m0/s1

InChI Key

QIVBCDIJIAJPQS-VIFPVBQESA-N

Chemical Taxonomy

Description

belongs to the class of organic compounds known as indolyl carboxylic acids and derivatives. Indolyl carboxylic acids and derivatives are compounds containing a carboxylic acid chain (of at least 2 carbon atoms) linked to an indole ring.

Kingdom

Organic compounds

Super Class

Organoheterocyclic compounds

Class

Indoles and derivatives

Sub Class

Indolyl carboxylic acids and derivatives

Direct Parent

Indolyl carboxylic acids and derivatives

Alternative Parents

Substituents

Indolyl carboxylic acid derivative
Alpha-amino acid
Alpha-amino acid or derivatives
L-alpha-amino acid
3-alkylindole
Indole
Aralkylamine
Benzenoid
Substituted pyrrole
Heteroaromatic compound
Pyrrole
Amino acid or derivatives
Amino acid
Carboxylic acid derivative
Carboxylic acid
Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
Azacycle
Amine
Primary aliphatic amine
Hydrocarbon derivative
Organic oxide
Organic oxygen compound
Organic nitrogen compound
Carbonyl group
Organonitrogen compound
Organooxygen compound
Primary amine
Organopnictogen compound
Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound

Molecular Framework

Aromatic heteropolycyclic compounds

External Descriptors

proteinogenic amino acid (CHEBI:16828 )
L-alpha-amino acid (CHEBI:16828 )
tryptophan (CHEBI:16828 )
erythrose 4-phosphate/phosphoenolpyruvate family amino acid (CHEBI:16828 )
Common amino acids (C00078 )

Ontology

Status

Detected and Quantified

Origin

Not Available

Biofunction

Not Available

Application

Not Available

Cellular locations

Not Available

Physical Properties

State

Not Available

Experimental Properties

Property	Value	Reference
Melting Point	Not Available	Not Available
Boiling Point	Not Available	Not Available
Water Solubility	Not Available	Not Available
LogP	Not Available	Not Available

Predicted Properties

Property	Value	Source
logP	-1.1	ALOGPS
logP	-1.1	ChemAxon
logS	-2.2	ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)	2.54	ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)	9.4	ChemAxon
Physiological Charge	0	ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count	3	ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count	3	ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area	79.11 Å²	ChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count	3	ChemAxon
Refractivity	56.2 m³·mol⁻¹	ChemAxon
Polarizability	21.05 Å³	ChemAxon
Number of Rings	2	ChemAxon
Bioavailability	Yes	ChemAxon
Rule of Five	Yes	ChemAxon
Ghose Filter	Yes	ChemAxon
Veber's Rule	Yes	ChemAxon
MDDR-like Rule	Yes	ChemAxon

Spectra

Spectrum Type	Description	Splash Key	View
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Pegasus III TOF-MS system, Leco; GC 6890, Agilent Technologies) (3 TMS)	splash10-0udi-0190000000-feaec8547634dddcad8c	Spectrum
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Pegasus III TOF-MS system, Leco; GC 6890, Agilent Technologies) (3 TMS)	splash10-0udi-0390000000-45a6c4fd79081597d44a	Spectrum
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Pegasus III TOF-MS system, Leco; GC 6890, Agilent Technologies) (Non-derivatized)	splash10-0udi-0290000000-34f7274f31a4cb321a0b	Spectrum
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Pegasus III TOF-MS system, Leco; GC 6890, Agilent Technologies) (3 TMS)	splash10-0fk9-9270000000-9761607cbe821f87f172	Spectrum
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (1 TMS)	splash10-001i-0900000000-3faeed7ad32e1755c03c	Spectrum
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (3 TMS)	splash10-0udi-0290000000-9c57a732e337fade3cb6	Spectrum
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - EI-B (Non-derivatized)	splash10-001i-0900000000-d054a214c1717940989f	Spectrum
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - EI-B (Non-derivatized)	splash10-0udi-0290000000-9860799c854e5c9ac1c7	Spectrum
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized)	splash10-0udi-0190000000-feaec8547634dddcad8c	Spectrum
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized)	splash10-0udi-0390000000-45a6c4fd79081597d44a	Spectrum
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized)	splash10-0udi-0290000000-34f7274f31a4cb321a0b	Spectrum
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-QQ (Non-derivatized)	splash10-0udi-3729000000-86129db57aaf1a245f93	Spectrum
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized)	splash10-0fk9-9270000000-9761607cbe821f87f172	Spectrum
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized)	splash10-001i-0900000000-3faeed7ad32e1755c03c	Spectrum
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized)	splash10-0udi-0290000000-9c57a732e337fade3cb6	Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive	splash10-0560-4900000000-fa932bc4cffed0ca66b7	Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (1 TMS) - 70eV, Positive	splash10-00e9-9560000000-6829a8b2a2096883999f	Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_1_2) - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_1_3) - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TBDMS_1_1) - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TBDMS_1_2) - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TBDMS_1_3) - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Negative	splash10-0udi-0290602010-c09c931538bff74ac400	Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Negative	splash10-0a4i-0900000000-0fed327c2a56f556e04c	Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Negative	splash10-0udi-0090000000-98ec1c2c012e58eab924	Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Negative	splash10-00di-0090000000-fc77784da5d9b288d751	Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Negative	splash10-0udi-0290601010-d6f94902c0cf639cb7bc	Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Negative	splash10-0a4i-0900000000-27633a4f7ecfac45c730	Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Negative	splash10-0udi-0090000000-ee6cb8392b2e8d644bc1	Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT (LTQ Orbitrap XL, Thermo Scientfic) , Negative	splash10-004i-0090000000-d81c86eceee1c9824b02	Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 10V, Negative	splash10-0udi-0190000000-0e8b883dc8ab06c89d77	Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 20V, Negative	splash10-0uxu-2940000000-cb35b9680612e19d8b3a	Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 30V, Negative	splash10-014i-2900000000-7cc592351cc616b1d75f	Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 40V, Negative	splash10-014i-1900000000-987615a0add5eb2c3169	Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 50V, Negative	splash10-014i-1900000000-f150d9d1e19c72d337a8	Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QTOF (UPLC Q-Tof Premier, Waters) , Negative	splash10-0uxr-2960000000-f4c878f3abb1609bb5c5	Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QTOF , negative	splash10-0udi-0090000000-c73c9b49139319c80b18	Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QTOF , negative	splash10-0gb9-0930000000-da94834297fcc5b3d3c5	Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QTOF , negative	splash10-014i-0900000000-94061fd1f6b08445cdf3	Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QTOF , negative	splash10-014i-0900000000-e78172f4f27df232466e	Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QTOF , negative	splash10-014i-0900000000-93406e2cdb79770abc7d	Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , negative	splash10-0udi-0190000000-0e8b883dc8ab06c89d77	Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , negative	splash10-0uxu-2940000000-cb35b9680612e19d8b3a	Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , negative	splash10-014i-2900000000-5187dac98dbd6834d6ba	Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , negative	splash10-014i-1900000000-987615a0add5eb2c3169	Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , negative	splash10-014i-1900000000-174bb4d4390c75ae9a09	Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT , negative	splash10-0a4i-0900000000-0fed327c2a56f556e04c	Spectrum
1D NMR	13C NMR Spectrum	Not Available	Spectrum
1D NMR	1H NMR Spectrum	Not Available	Spectrum
1D NMR	1H NMR Spectrum	Not Available	Spectrum
1D NMR	13C NMR Spectrum	Not Available	Spectrum
1D NMR	1H NMR Spectrum	Not Available	Spectrum
1D NMR	13C NMR Spectrum	Not Available	Spectrum
1D NMR	1H NMR Spectrum	Not Available	Spectrum
1D NMR	13C NMR Spectrum	Not Available	Spectrum
1D NMR	1H NMR Spectrum	Not Available	Spectrum
1D NMR	13C NMR Spectrum	Not Available	Spectrum
1D NMR	1H NMR Spectrum	Not Available	Spectrum
1D NMR	13C NMR Spectrum	Not Available	Spectrum
1D NMR	1H NMR Spectrum	Not Available	Spectrum
1D NMR	13C NMR Spectrum	Not Available	Spectrum
1D NMR	1H NMR Spectrum	Not Available	Spectrum
1D NMR	13C NMR Spectrum	Not Available	Spectrum
1D NMR	1H NMR Spectrum	Not Available	Spectrum
1D NMR	13C NMR Spectrum	Not Available	Spectrum
1D NMR	1H NMR Spectrum	Not Available	Spectrum
1D NMR	13C NMR Spectrum	Not Available	Spectrum
1D NMR	1H NMR Spectrum	Not Available	Spectrum
1D NMR	13C NMR Spectrum	Not Available	Spectrum
1D NMR	13C NMR Spectrum	Not Available	Spectrum
2D NMR	[1H,1H] 2D NMR Spectrum	Not Available	Spectrum
2D NMR	[1H,13C] 2D NMR Spectrum	Not Available	Spectrum

Biological Properties

Cellular Locations

Not Available

Biofluid Locations and Tissue Locations

Colostrum
Embryo culture media
Kidney
Liver
Meat
Milk
Plasma
Ruminal Fluid
Serum
Urine

Concentrations

Biofluid	Status	Value	Condition	Species	Reference	Details
Colostrum	Detected but not Quantified	Not Applicable	Not Available	Bovine	22417363	details
Embryo culture media	Detected but not Quantified	Not Applicable	Not Available	Bovine	20058302	details
Embryo culture media	Detected but not Quantified	Not Applicable	Not Available	Bovine	20058302	details
Kidney	Detected but not Quantified	Not Applicable	Not Available	Porcine	21761043	details
Liver	Detected but not Quantified	Not Applicable	Not Available	Porcine	21761043	details
Meat	Detected but not Quantified	Not Applicable	Not Available	Bovine	22417363	details
Milk	Detected and Quantified	1-5 uM	Not Available	Bovine	20338431	details
Plasma	Detected but not Quantified	Not Applicable	Not Available	Porcine	22612070	details
Plasma	Detected but not Quantified	Not Applicable	Not Available	Ovine	22242129	details
Plasma	Detected and Quantified	27 +/- 4-39+/-5 uM	Not Available	Porcine	22513987	details
Plasma	Detected and Quantified	30 +/- 4-37+/-4 uM	Not Available	Porcine	22513987	details
Plasma	Detected and Quantified	63 +/- 2-67+/-8 uM	Not Available	Porcine	22513987	details
Plasma	Detected but not Quantified	Not Applicable	Not Available	Porcine	Sergio Polakof, D...	details
Plasma	Detected but not Quantified	Not Applicable	Not Available	Porcine	24477039	details
Plasma	Detected and Quantified	78.46 uM	Not Available	Porcine	25820777	details
Plasma	Detected and Quantified	91.54 uM	Not Available	Porcine	25820777	details
Plasma	Detected and Quantified	98.92 uM	Not Available	Porcine	25820777	details
Plasma	Detected and Quantified	99.57 uM	Not Available	Porcine	25820777	details
Plasma	Detected but not Quantified	Not Applicable	Not Available	Bovine	24630653	details
Plasma	Detected but not Quantified	Not Applicable	Not Available	Porcine	22612070	details
Ruminal Fluid	Detected and Quantified	10 +/- 3 uM	Not Available	Bovine	Saleem F, Bouatra...	details
Ruminal Fluid	Detected and Quantified	11 +/- 5 uM	Not Available	Bovine	Saleem F, Bouatra...	details
Ruminal Fluid	Detected and Quantified	11 +/- 5 uM	Not Available	Bovine	Saleem F, Bouatra...	details
Ruminal Fluid	Detected and Quantified	17 +/- 9 uM	Not Available	Bovine	Saleem F, Bouatra...	details
Ruminal Fluid	Detected and Quantified	7 +/- 3 uM	Not Available	Bovine	Saleem F, Bouatra...	details
Ruminal Fluid	Detected but not Quantified	Not Applicable	Not Available	Bovine	Fozia Saleem, Sou...	details
Ruminal Fluid	Detected and Quantified	4.41 uM	Not Available	Bovine	22959937	details
Ruminal Fluid	Detected and Quantified	6.59 uM	Not Available	Bovine	22959937	details
Ruminal Fluid	Detected and Quantified	8.68 uM	Not Available	Bovine	22959937	details
Ruminal Fluid	Detected and Quantified	9.5 uM	Not Available	Bovine	22959937	details
Serum	Detected but not Quantified	Not Applicable	Not Available	Caprine	24214495	details
Serum	Detected and Quantified	42.4889 +/- 15.0945 uM	Normal	Ovine	Goldansaz et al.,...	details
Serum	Detected and Quantified	35.7769 +/- 11.2812 uM	Normal	Ovine	Goldansaz et al.,...	details
Serum	Detected and Quantified	43.6115 +/- 19.8186 uM	Normal	Ovine	Goldansaz et al.,...	details
Serum	Detected and Quantified	47.71 uM	Not Available	Porcine	Barbara U. Metzle...	details
Serum	Detected and Quantified	63.5 uM	Not Available	Porcine	Barbara U. Metzle...	details
Serum	Detected and Quantified	66.3 uM	Not Available	Porcine	Barbara U. Metzle...	details
Serum	Detected and Quantified	68.52 uM	Not Available	Porcine	Barbara U. Metzle...	details
Serum	Detected and Quantified	45.704 +/- 16.5985 uM	Normal	Ovine	Goldansaz et al.,...	details
Serum	Detected and Quantified	43.837 +/- 14.5429 uM	Normal	Ovine	Goldansaz et al.,...	details
Serum	Detected and Quantified	45.512 +/- 17.5113 uM	Normal	Ovine	Goldansaz et al.,...	details
Serum	Detected and Quantified	38 +/- 16.65 uM	Not Available	Ovine	Candidate serum m...	details
Serum	Detected and Quantified	68.356 uM	Not Available	Porcine	26020888	details
Serum	Detected and Quantified	49.504 uM	Not Available	Porcine	26020888	details
Serum	Detected and Quantified	50.0918 uM	Not Available	Porcine	26020888	details
Serum	Detected and Quantified	72.224 uM	Not Available	Porcine	26020888	details
Serum	Detected and Quantified	44.1542 +/- 18.5968 uM	Normal	Ovine	Goldansaz et al.,...	details
Serum	Detected and Quantified	44.3667 +/- 13.1532 uM	Normal	Ovine	Goldansaz et al.,...	details
Serum	Detected and Quantified	44.168 +/- 18.387 uM	Normal	Ovine	Goldansaz et al.,...	details
Serum	Detected but not Quantified	Not Applicable	Not Available	Porcine	Cao, Hongcio; Ma,...	details
Serum	Detected but not Quantified	Not Applicable	Not Available	Equine	Lucia Pappalardo,...	details
Serum	Detected and Quantified	43.68 +/- 14.0549 uM	Normal	Ovine	Goldansaz et al.,...	details
Serum	Detected but not Quantified	Not Applicable	Not Available	Porcine	Pengcheng Zhou, J...	details
Serum	Detected and Quantified	41.8346 +/- 11.2433 uM	Normal	Ovine	Goldansaz et al.,...	details
Serum	Detected but not Quantified	Not Applicable	Not Available	Porcine	22761248	details
Serum	Detected and Quantified	41.8154 +/- 14.7181 uM	Normal	Ovine	Goldansaz et al.,...	details
Serum	Detected but not Quantified	Not Applicable	Not Available	Bovine	25372282	details
Serum	Detected but not Quantified	Not Applicable	Not Available	Bovine	25372282	details
Serum	Detected but not Quantified	Not Applicable	Not Available	Bovine	25372282	details
Urine	Detected but not Quantified	Not Applicable	Not Available	Porcine	21761043	details